Political Science and World Politics

INTRODUCTION

Human rights known since the existence of ancient civilizations. However, the tragic events of the Second World War of 1939-1945, has led to the apparent disappointing conclusion that human rights are not always respected everywhere. That is why on 10 December 1948 by representatives of 50 states members of the United Nations teamed up under the leadership of E. Roosevelt, to determine all the rights that should have every person on the planet and secure them in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights. At present, people still are struggling to ensure the rights and their protection, moreover, they openly advocate the extension of rights in various fields.

MEANING

Nowadays the use of the concept of “human rights” has become quite widely used both in everyday life and in political processes, the more space it occupies and in academic research. However, in science and particularly in political and legal sciences, while there is no one universally accepted definition of this concept. Perhaps it is because scholars of human rights have different opinions about the boundaries of the term.

To date, a variety of dictionaries, articles and research papers you can find various definitions of this concept, reducing them to “equal opportunity to meet their basic needs,” or, somewhat broader, to “the capacities, powers, possibilities of human action in a certain, specified in the law field.” Professor of philosophy Brian Orend believes that “human rights” as a rule, are moral rights enshrined and protected from all, especially from those who run social institutions”. We now turn to more detailed definitions. For example, big law dictionary defines human rights as “the concept characterizing the legal status of the person in relation to the state, its possibilities and ambitions in the economic, social, political and cultural spheres… prevailing in the modern world conceptions of human rights are natural and inalienable.”The encyclopedia Britannica States that “human rights are rights that belong to an individual due to the fact that he is a man. They are associated with a wide continuum of values, and in some ways is still inherent in all human beings.” Human rights largely depend on the needs and capabilities of the person. In other words, human rights are rights necessary for a decent and dignified human life and adequate development of the personality.

Human rights belong to all people and exist until there are people. Both are integral and cannot be separated. “Human rights is a concept that is closely associated with the concept of freedom, a concept that reflects the dignity of the human person, and a claim to possess specific features to make the life of this person is really worthy. Human rights are both a characteristic of the relationship people-government and limitations on government (the state) over man.”

This definition seems the most complete and sufficient available obyasnili essence we are interested in the concept, the content of which is constantly re-created in the process of communication about human rights.