Library System with Web and Android based OPAC

Introduction
Technology has been a vital part of improvement in many aspects of life. Technology can be seen everywhere. One particular aspect that technology helps is the maintenance of records. It can create multiple processes in no time that any individual a do manually. In this study, we will focus on books, and when I say books I mean plenty of books. As for this time(2013), Don Honorio Ventura Technological State University(DHVTSU) doesn’t have any automatic Library System thus managing of books is hectic. Students are the biggest affected individual because of the lack of Library System. If you are a student and for example you want to borrow a certain book in the library, you will need to walk a long distance in order for you to reach the Campus library and then you will find out that the book you want to borrow doesn’t exist in the campus library, isn’t it frustrating? Isn’t it a nuisance? By this inconvenience, I came up to the study of implementing a Library System with Web Based Online public access cataloging and Android Based Online public access cataloging. This system will be administered by the Campus Librarian and will be used by students and school personnel as well. The flow of the system is each book in the library will be recorded in the system including the number of copies of each book. If a student borrows one book of a certain category, the Administrator will use the system and record the event. Aside from managing books, the Online Public Access Cataloging(OPAC) will also be of great help to students. They can use their Android phones or use a computer to check whether a certain book exists or if there’s still a copy of that book
remaining.

Background of the study
Don Honorio Ventura Technological State University(DHVTSU) is a University in Bacolor, Pampanga which has been founded on November 4, 1861 by an Augustinian friar named Fr. Juan P. Zita. Since this school has a library but doesn’t have any Library Systems with OPAC, we came up to the idea of creating one since a university strengthens its educational level through the advancement of its library. A Library System is a system which is used to track books, magazines, newspaper, etc in a certain library without the hassle of card catalogs. It is usually comprises of a relational database, software to interact with that database, and two Graphical User Interfaces (One for the borrower, one for the staff). According to Ask.com, the disadvantage of using a manual library system are there is an increased chance for human errors, it takes a lot of time to train employees on the nuances of such a system, speed and accuracy are decreased, more space is required to store the paperwork involved. Now, try to imagine a University with thousands and thousands of books which is manually cataloged and at the same time, hundreds of people wants to search a certain book, isn’t it time consuming both for the librarian and the people? That’s the reason why I’m proposing this title, for the betterment of our school’s future, for the betterment of the future students.

Related Literature
Presented in Related Literature is synthesis of research that supports the evaluation of Integrated Library System. Foreign Literature
Before the age of computers, library tasks were done manually and independently. Borrower’s ordered books using ordering slips and librarians catalogue items manually and index them with the card catalog system. (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Integrated_library_system). Integrated Library Systems(ILS) has been part of computing systems in colleges and universities. Today’s ILS is a Multi functional Web-based multimedia content information management system, generally built on a relational database structure. Overview of Integrated Library Systems (Deddens, 2002) Librarians have recognized and supported, long before the dawn of computers, the need for standards to aid in collection management, share resources with other libraries, and improve access for library patrons. The widespread use of Integrated Library Systems (ILS), global communications via the Internet, and growing numbers of digital library initiatives have made the need for compliance with standards more critical than ever. Implementing information products and systems that support standards can ensure that libraries will be able to:

• integrate electronic content products from multiple vendors; • resource share on a wider geographic scale, even globally; • participate in more cooperative programs with other organizations, including ones outside the library community; • speed up the “time to market” of library materials, i.e. the time to acquire, catalog, process, and circulate an item; • provide remote access to library services;

• reduce the need for user training;
• operate successfully with their parent organization’s computing infrastructure; • migrate cost effectively to newer systems; and
• more easily adopt new technologies.
The RFP Writer’s Guide to Standards for Library Systems (Hodgson, 2002)

Currently, integration of library bibliographic systems and metadata encoding / searching is in the embryonic stage. Often, libraries use systems from multiple vendors to address both traditional and digital library system implementations. This results in the traditional library catalog and the digital library being totally separate with perhaps a low level of integration by providing a link within the MARC record that will take the user to the corresponding fulltext or image. This situation is changing, but varies significantly from one system to another in what is supported, how it is implemented, and how transparently the two types of data are accessible. The RFP Writer’s Guide to Standards for Library Systems (Hodgson, 2002) According to Walter Nelson of RAND Corporation, in the previous years that Online Public Access Catalog(OPAC) is not yet present, “Your customers must go to the information, the information does not go to the customer”. The Future of the Integrated Library System? (Nelson)

1.2.2 Local Literature
According to Eden (2011), views that most libraries are forced to work with fewer staff because of the having a more improved and modernized system for their library.According also to the study, the library administration need to emphasize to their staff that the organization has a vested interest in providing them with the tools and training they need to assist the organization in the new information marketplace. These may include search engines, circulation systems, and the online public access catalog. According to Lopez (2002), University of the Philippines Mindanao when UP in Mindanao accepted its first batch of students in 1996, the Main Library collection was integrated with the core collection of the School of Management (SOM) Library at the Stanfilco Bldg., Ladislawa Avenue, Buhangin, Davao City. The Filipiniana and General References were housed together with the College of Arts and Sciences (CAS) collection in Room 2 of the Philippine Coconut Authority. In the Second Semester AY 1996-1997,the CAS Library moved to its main campus in Bago Oshiro. Upon the recognition of UP in Mindanao by the Board of Regents (BOR) as a constituent unit (CU) of the UPSystem, the CAS was split into two (2), namely: College of Humanities and Social

Sciences (CHSS) and the College of Science and Mathematics (CSM). The Main Library transferred to the newly renovated building where the main collection was set-up beside the books of the CHSS and the CSM. In July 2002, the library established the Library Educational Media and Information Technology Office (LEMITO). The LEMITOhandles the audio-visual services, internet and the connectivity of the library. It currently holds office at the Elias B. Lopez Hall Dormitory. Later, the Main Library collection which grew from 100 titles to 6,191 volumes at the end of May 2004, and was transferred to the Administration Bldg today, the Main Library occupies the former UP in Mindanao Cultural Center (UPMCC) building.

1.3 Related Study
Related studies is about the relations of the summary method, findings and conclusion of studies like dissertation, unpublished thesis and other studies viewed. The study with the current issues and problems compromise of collected research study 1.3.1 Foreign Study

According to Charuasia (2010), connotes the term library with use of automatic data processing machines to perform routine library activities. It implies a high degree of mechanization of various routine and repetitive tasks &operations and processes are left to be performed by human beings. The study stresses library automation as the application of computers and utilization of computer based products and services in the performance of different operations and functions or in the provision of various services and output products. In addition to computer advancement, telecommunication and audio-visual technologies gives away to new possibilities in information processing. According to Back & Bailey (2010), explored the design space of mash-up techniques for the faultless inclusion of information from Web services into websites.They considered the cases where an Online Public Access Catalog (OPAC) is either the target of such addition or the basis of the information being included. They focused on client-side techniques in which each user’s browser contacts Web services directly because this approach lends itself to the creation of HTML widgets. The widgets allow the integration and customization of Web services without requiring programming. They also described in detail the functionality and use of several widget libraries and Webservices we built.

Although the specific requirements for (2010), explored the design space of mash-up techniques for the faultless inclusion of information from Web services into websites. They considered the cases where an Online Public Access Catalog (OPAC)is either the target of such addition or the basis of the information being included. They focused on client-side techniques in which each user’s browser contacts Web services directly because this approach lends itself to the creation of HTML widgets. The widgets allow the integration and customization of Web services without requiring programming.They also described in detail the functionality and use of several widget libraries and Web services we built. Although the specific requirements for 13each system differ because of their respective nature, all systems are designed to be deployable with minimum effort and resource requirements. This low entry cost, combined with the provision of a high-level, non-programming interface, constitute two vital precondition for the broad adoption of techniques in libraries, which in turn has the potential to vastly increase the reach and visibility of their electronic resources in the wider community. 1.3.2 Local Study

According to Lou (1986), a survey on the computer application in 223 libraries in Metro Manila. The study revealed that they prioritize the three library functions to be computerized as cataloging, indexing, and circulation. However, the plans for automation for the libraries cannot be implemented due to financial incapability of the libraries, and the lack of funds from the government. Despite of this drawback, the libraries are not turning their backs unto the automation of their libraries. According to Agena (2008) made a study about the collection usage of the students of the Jose Rizal University in a period of three years using the quantitative and qualitative approach. The goal of the study is to assess the usefulness of the faculty of students to their library and it been revealed that it is generally important for them to go to the library for their academic needs.

1.4 Difference of previous study with the proposed study
The existing Library System of DHVTSU doesn’t come with a Web based OPAC and Android Based OPAC. The formulation of these two additional system for the integration of DHVTSU’s library system will surely help researching easy. With the use of OPAC, researchers will know whether a certain book exists within the library or if it exists, is there an available version of the book remaining and they can also reserve books and receive notifications on the books they borrowed. OPAC sure come in handy!