Kaugnay na Pag-aaral ng Literatura

Ang Pag-aaral na ito ay mayroon ring ilang sandigan na pag-aaral na isinigawa ng ibang indibidwal o grupo. Ang mga pag-aaral na ito ay pawanag tumutukoy rin sa sikolohikal at iba pang aspeto ng pananaw ng mga tao tungkol sa mga estratihiya sa epektibong pag-aaral.

Isa sa mga kaugnay na pag-aaral ay ang pananaliksik na isinagawa ni Hope L Graven (2008). Sinasaad sa kanyang pag-aaral na nakalagay sa Ingles “the relationship between an Individual’s amount of caffeine consumption during his/her study session and the individual study habits showed that the main effect of drinking caffeine on exam preparation was not significant. There were participants , 20 male and 59 female college students (N=78), answered self ratings on their personal consumption of caffeine as well as their study habits when preparing for a test/exam. It was hypothesized that the more caffeine a student consumes while studying, the more accurately his or her study habits would be labeled as ‘unhealthy’ as determined by the researchers. Unhealthy study habits were operationally defined as low scores on amount of time per study session , time(in days) when preparation began , and amount of information the participants believed they had retained. High scores on anxiety level were included in their ‘ unhealthy ‘ habits a person correlation indicated no relationship between amount of caffeine consumed while studying and individual effectiveness of studying and preparation.

Isa pang pag-aaral ang isinagawa nina Marcus Credé at Nathan R. Kuncel (2008) sa University of Albany. Sinasabi sa kanilang pananaliksik sa wikang Ingles “Study habit, skill, and attitude inventories and constructs were found to rival standardized tests and previous grades as predictors of academic performance, yielding substantial incremental validity in predicting academic performance. The meta-analysis examined the construct validity and predictive validity of 10 study skill constructs for college students. They found that study skill inventories and constructs are largely independent of both high school grades and scores on standardized admissions tests but moderately related to various personality constructs ;these results were inconsistent with previous theories.

Study motivation and study skills exhibit the strongest relationships with both grade point average and grades in individual classes. They also said that Academic specific anxiety was found to be an important negative predictor of performance. In addition, significant variation in the validity of specific inventories is shown. Scores on traditional study habit and attitude inventories are the mostpredictive of performance, whereas scores on inventories based on the popular depth-of-processing perspective are shown to be least predictive of the examined criteria. Overall, study habit and skill measures improve prediction of academic performance more than any other non cognitive individual difference variable examined to date and should be regarded as the third pillar of academic success”

Kaugnay na Literatura

Gumamit din ang mga mananaliksik ng mga gawaing imprenta at literature galling sa makabagong medya bilang sandigan ng pag-aaral na ito. Ilan dito ay ang mga sumusunod.

Ayon sa isang artikulo sa “internet” na may pamagat na “Effective Study Skills” ni Dr. Bob Kizlik , There is little doubt that no two people study the same way, and it is a near certainty that what works for one person may not work for another. However, there are some general techniques that seem to produce good results. No one would argue that every subject that you have to take is going to be so interesting that studying it is not work but pleasure. We can only wish.

Everyone is different, and for some students, studying and being motivated to learn comes naturally. If you are reading this page, it’s likely that you are not one of them, but don’t despair, there is hope! Your success in high school and college is dependent on your ability to study effectively and efficiently. The results of poor study skills are wasted time, frustration, and low or failing grades. It’s your life, your time, and your future. All I can say, upon reflection of many years as a teacher, is that time is precious and not to be squandered, no matter what you believe right now.

Ayon naman sa artikulo na nanggaling sa to-study.com (2009), students who are very successful in their desired career have good study habits. It is stated in the website that students apply these habits to all of their classes. The website also recommends some tips in improving study habits. The website also suggests that the student should try not to study all the subjects in just a period. The website also added that if you try to do too much studying at one time, you will tire and your studying will not be very effective. Space the work you have to do over shorter periods of time. Taking short breaks will restore your mental energy.

KABANATA 3

Paraan , Pamamaraan at Pagtrato sa Datos

Disenyo ng Pag-aaral

Ang Pag-aaral na ito ay ginamitan ng mga mananaliksik ng diskriptibong metodolohiya ng pananaliksik. Ginamit ng mananaliksik ang paraan ng obserbasyon sa pamamagitan ng “survey”. Ang disenyong ito ang napili ng mga mananaliksik pagkat ito ay ang pinaka akmang gawin upang malaman ang kasagutan sa mga salik ng paksa.

Paraan

Guamamit ng instrumento ang mga mananaliksik upang malaman ang mga kasagutan sa isinagawang iba’t ibang pag-aaral. Gumamit ang mga mananaliksik ng mga talatanungan o “questionnaire” sa pagsagawa ng pag-aaral. Ang talatanungan ay isang instrumentong ginagamit ng mga mananaliksik na naglalaman ng iba’t ibang katanungan na nais itanong na mga mananaliksik na may iisang paksa na naglalalyon na makakalap ng datos at mga impormasyon. Ito ang ginagamit ng mga mananaliksik pagkat ito ang pinaka angkop na instrumentng gamitin para sa isang “survey”.

Pamamaraan

Ang pananaliksik na ito ay isinagawa sa pamamagitan ng pag pili sa mga taong pagtatanungan sa iba’t ibang antas ng buong populasyon ng FEU. Ang bawat isang katugon ay binigyan ng mga serye ng katanungan sa loob ng sapat na haba ng oras. Matapos sagutan ay nilikom ng mga mananaliksik ang mga talatunugan at binigyang interpretasyon ang mga datos na nakalap. Huling hakbangin sa pananaliksik ay ang pagsasa-ayos ng imporamsyonsa iba’t ibang uri

Pagtrato sa datos

Ang mga datos na nakalap ay binigyan at pinag ukulan ng mananaliksik ng sapat na oras at binigyan ng matinding pansin. Tinrato ang mga datos na nakalap sa istatistikal na pagtrato upang maging ganap na impormasyon na mas kapaki-pakinabang at mabdaling maintindihan ng mga tao. Ang “mode” ay ang kinuha ng mananaliksik. Ang pormulang %=f/n ay syang ginamit para sa pagkuha ng porsyento. Matapos nito, ang mga datos ay nilatag sa anyong tabular, grapikal at tekstwwal para mas amdaling maunawaan ang mga impormasyon.