Second Homecoming And The Liga Filipina

The first homecoming of Rizalwas being in August, 1887 and His second homecoming to Manila was in June, 1892. This re – entry continued the hazardous campaign of Rizal for reforms. Rizal back to Manila for for the belief that the fight for Filipino Liberties hadd assumed a new phase. Rizal said that “The battlefield is in the Philippines” “There is where we should meet… There will help one another, there together we will suffer or triumph perhaps”. After two months, on December 31, 1891, He send a letter to Blumentritt, saying that the fight is no longer in Madrid.

The battlefield is in the PhilippinesArrival in Manila with sister Lucia (widow of Herbosa): stayed at Hotel de Oriente facingBinondo Church (June 26, 1892); at 4PM, went to Malacañan Palace to seek audience with Gov.Gen. Eulogio Despujol, Conde de Caspe; agreed to pardon his father but not his entire family;visited sisters Sisa and NenengVisiting Friends in Central Luzon: June 27, in Malolos, San Fernando, Tarlac and BacolorOther Interviews with Despujol: very much opposed to Borneo colonizationFounding of the Liga Filipina (LF), Sunday, July 3, 1892: at the house of Chinese-Filipinomestizo Doroteo Ongjunco on Ylaya St., Tondo; with patriots who were mostly Mason (M):Pedro Serrano Laktaw, M & school teacher, (Panday Pira); Domingo Franco, M & tobaccoshopkeeper (Felipe Leal); Jose Ramos, M (Socorro), owner of Bazar Gran Bretaña and firstWorshipful Master of Nilad, the first Filipino Masonic Lodge*;

Ambrosio Salvador, M,gobernadorcillo/ capitan municipal of Quiapo; Bonifacio Arevalo, M (Harem); Moises Salvador,M, (Araw);Luis Villareal, tailor & M; Faustino Villareal (Ilaw), pharmacist & M; MarianoCrisostomo, landlord; Numeriano Adriano (Ipil); notary public & M; Estanislao Legaspi, artisan& M; Teodoro Plata, court clerk & M; Andres Bonifacio, warehouse employee; ApolinarioMabini (Katabay), lawyer & M; and Juan Zulueta, playwright; Rizal explained the objectives andconstitution of La Liga and was approved unanimouslyConstitution of the LF: Their objectives are to have (1) unity in the archipelago; (2) mutualprotection in every want and necessity; (3) defense; (4) encouragement of education, agriculture& commerce; and (5) study and application of reforms; Motto: “Unus Instar Omnium” (One Like All); supreme Council, Provincial Council & Popular Council (in every town);

Duties: (1) obeyorders; (2) recruit; (3) keep strictest secrecy; (4) have a symbolic name which you cannot changetill you become president of your council; (5) report to the fiscal; (6) behave well; and (7) helpfellow members in all ways21.6. Rizal was Arrested and Jailed in Fort Santiago (Wed, July 6, 1892): during an interviewwith Despujol, the latter s uddenly showed him some printed leaflets allegedly found in Lucia‟s pillow cases (entitled Pobres Frailes, a satire against Dominicans written by Fr. Jacinto); placedunder arrest and was escorted by Ramon Despujol; was kept incommunicado in Ft. Santiago andcould not talk to anyone except with the officer on duty 21.7. Arbitrary Deportation to Dapitan (July 7): “for being disloyal to Spain, anti -Catholic andimprudently anti-friar”; 12:30AM of July 15, 1892, was brought under heavy guard to the steamer Cebu under Captain Delgras; arrived 7PM of July 17 in Dapitan; handed over to CaptainRicardo Carnicero, Spanish commandant of Dapitan (till July 31, 1896 or 4 years & 13 days)