Gsm Based Vehicle Immobilizing System

I – Background of the Study
In the Philippines, several cases of carnapping incidence is broadcasted all over the country. This year the rate of stolen vehicle is 36%.
Chief Supt. Leonardo Espina, director of the Highway Patrol Group (HPG), said that the top five notorious carnapping syndicates – Dominguez Brothers, Madrigal group, Onad group, the Bundol Gang, and the WarayWaray gang – were already busted that is why the carnapping rate has decreased for 56 percent from January to March this year, compared to the same period last year.

However, according to the old member of the Dominguez Brothers, the group is still active. So the risk of being carnapped still remains.
Although vehicle manufacturer has installed a security system on their products, particularly an alarmed based system, this system still doesn’t solve the problem on carnapping because most of the vehicles carnapped are parked on an isolated place. So when the car alarmed, nobody will notice it.

This lacking is the reason why we come up on the idea on designing and developing a GSM Based Vehicle Immobilizing System.

http://highwaypatrolgroup.com/resources/08%20Comprehensive%20Report%20Carnapping%20January%20to%20April%202011%20short%20ver2.pdf II – Statement of the Problem:
Based on the information that we gather, we have identified the following problems: 1. An alarm based system, being typically used is often ignored by people. 2. It only takes a few minutes to deactivate an alarm based system.

III– Significance of the Study
* To improve the security of vehicles.
* To secure the vehicle from the theft.
* To lessen car napping.
* To help retrieve the car if it is carnapped.

IV – Scope and Delimitation
The proposed “GSM based Vehicle Immobilizing System” delimits its function on the following: * The owner of the car can immobilize the vehicle by sending a message or calling. * The immobilizing process can be done anytime even if the car is moving, in any part of the Philippines territory as long as it receives SMS/phone call. * Any telecommunication company can provide media support to our system, but our system will use Globe network. * The SIM number will have a specialized 5 digit number.

* It is not responsible for catching the thief.
* The system is not responsible for delayed messages.
* The system is not responsible incase of losing the SIM card, however the user can acquire a new SIM card on the service provider but will have to pay the application cost. * The user should make sure that he isolates the number to avoid wrong interruptions. * If the signal is weak immobilizing interruption might occur which is beyond the controlling capability of the system. * The unit will not work if installed in conjunction with some other form of security system already present in the vehicle. * The device can be used on motorcycles and cars ONLY.

* Our system is upgradable for further development.
Anything that is not in the document is beyond our scope.

V – Assumption of the study
At the end of the research, we anticipate that the “GSM based Vehicle Immobilizing System” will be able to do the following: * If the car was stolen, the owner can control it by sending a message to the car or calling it. * When the message was sent or the call is made, the car will automatically stop. * If the owner wishes to mobilize the car, he’ll send another message or make another call to the device.

VI – Definition of Terms
GSM Modem (Global System for Mobile Communications) -is a specialized type of modem which accepts a SIM card, and operates over a subscription to a mobile operator, just like a mobile phone. From the mobile operator perspective, a GSM modem looks just like a mobile phone. car alarm – is an electronic device installed in a vehicle in an attempt to discourage theft of the vehicle itself, its contents, or both. Short Message Service (SMS) – is a text messaging service component of phone, web, or mobile communication systems, using standardized communications protocols that allow the exchange of short text messages between fixed line or mobile phone devices Security – is the degree of protection against danger, damage, loss, and crime. Securities as a form of protection are structures and processes that provide or improve security as a condition. GPS

hot wired

Chapter II

V – Conceptual Framework

The system will start when the car is being stolen. Once the owner discovered that the car is stolen, he can send a SMS message to the device attached on the car or just simply make a call on it, the ringtone from the mobile phone (as it receives the message/phone call) will cause it to stop. GSM or global system for short messaging is a cellular network, which means that the mobile phones connect to it by searching for cells in the immediate vicinity. These cells are commonly known as “signals” which allows the user to send a message or make a call to anyone who also has a cellular phone. There are different service network provider in the Philippines, among which is Smart, Globe and Sun Cellular. They provide SIM card to their subscribers which contain the user’s subscription information and phone book.

The device’s SIM number will only have 5 digits, this is needed so that there would be no or less unexpected interruptions during the process. However, to make sure that no one will interrupt in the process, the user should isolate this number. The communication between the device and the user is “simplex”. Simplex communication refers to communication that occurs in one direction only (Wikipedia). Which means the receiver (which is the device), doesn’t necessarily have to send any data back to the sender.

VI – Research Paradigm

Send a message/
Make a call

Trigger the device

Stop the car

Chapter-III
I- Foreign Literature
Platinum7 is a unique solution for integrated security, vehicle management, and infotainment systems, based on the integration of the cellular communication network, GPS and local contact center services. Platinum7 provides comprehensive solutions for each of the following sectors: * Commercial and private fleets of any size with local and worldwide presence * Private vehicles

* Public sector, including state and local government authorities With theft prevention, personal security, and emergency service provisions a part of everyday concerns, Platinum7 contact centers provide fleet managers and private vehicle owners with unprecedented peace of mind. With A-GPS technology for improved GPS performance and fix times, Platinum7 records precise route details and current vehicle position with pinpoint accuracy. Using this information, contact center operators track suspicious vehicle events in order to effectively report and resolve emergencies. Platinum7 is an integral part of a vehicle, driver monitoring and fleet management and integrated infotainment system that actively promotes reduced fuel consumption, timely maintenance and unsurpassed personal security. As with all EDT products, Platinum7 encourages eco drive practices to reduce CO2 emissions and vehicle wear and tear, and makes a significant contribution to savings in fuel and maintenance costs. GSM Based Portable Vehicle Security System

This project is made for the purpose of vehicle security. Project is based on the Global System for Mobile communication (GSM).This project is designed for the immobilizing of the vehicle by GSM mobile phone. The project consists of a circuitry with Microcontroller AT89c51 (MCU) and GSM modem in a vehicle and a GSM handset for Owner. The circuitry is constructed on the base of MCU which is assembled with Max-232 for the interface between MCU and GSM modem. Max-232 is a level converter used for the interface between the TTL and non TTL devices.Max-232 act as a bridge between the MCU and the GSM modem. Relays are used for the activating and deactivating the alarm and the locking system of the vehicle doors. A serial communication link is developed between the MCU and GSM modem. A connection from the starter of the vehicle is connected to an input interrupt pin of the MCU. When there comes a security breach (i.e. Someone tries to start the car) a signal is sent to the MCU telling that someone is stealing the vehicle. If there comes such a situation, then through an intelligent program (running in the MCU) a message through GSM modem is sent to the Owner asking for the vehicle control or activation of the alarm. If answer is negative then after receiving the message, MCU will automatically turn on the alarm and will lock all the doors of the vehicle. If Owner allows, then vehicle can start. II-Foreign Study

A MODERN method of vehicle tracking and fleet management services in Nigeria was launched March 22, 2004 in Lagos with the introduction of the GSM-based C-Track range of products for fleet management services and vehicle tracking into the Nigerian market. C-Track technology comes with a Nigerian Ditigal Map, down to city and street levels and ensures very accurate reporting on the exact location of any vehicle anywhere in the country within ten metres of accuracy. It uses GSM technology to get accurate information. The technology has been subjected in the last six months to exhaustive tests and has been effective, efficient and accurate and; Digi core electronics of South Africa, their technical partners have a pedigree for excellent provision of fleet management services in Africa, Asia and Oceania equaled by none. With the advent of C-Track fleet management services in the country, managers can save fleet operating cost, reduce the depreciation of assets, develop regular check list and fleet audit amongst others. He added that with the ability to remotely immobilise, and do geo-fencing, the cases of theft and unauthorized usage of vehicles could become a thing of the past. This would effectively reduce amount of claims paid on insurance substantially, he added. The technology permits you among other things to know whether your driver is taking an approved or unapproved route and allows you, from your mobile phone to immobilize your vehicle. III-Local Literature

Introducing Real-Time Car GPS Tracker with Remote Control, Siren and Shock Sensor. This high-tech Car GPS TRACKER is the latest technology around and comes with plenty of advanced features that have never been seen before With the convenient SMS text messaging ability, a full range of alarm functions (including gas to engine cut off), and the latest in GPS tracking technology, this GPS Car Tracker is the ultimate safety device for your car, van, truck, or even the entire vehicle fleet.

Here is a small list of what it can do for you and your vehicle: * Track on Demand – Replies with a TXT message of current latitude, longitude, speed, and time, as well as an Internet map link to your cell phone to show you exactly where the GPS tracker /your vehicle is. * Geo-fencing control – When the vehicle moves in/out the preset scope, it will send an SMS alarm to the authorized phone numbers. * Movement and Speed Alert: The tracker can warm you with SMS message when the vehicle starts to move from a stationary status, or when the vehicle is moving faster than a preset speed. * Stop the Engine: You can send an SMS message to the tracker to cut off the gas and battery power, so the engine will remain in an immobilized state until your remove the alarm status. * GPRS: With a GPRS enabled SIM card, you can monitor real-time movement of your vehicle with the supplied software on your computer. GPS Car Tracker you can also get your own car alarm system (more security):Shock Sensor and Siren. This shock sensor utilizes warning chirps for minor disturbances and will trip the alarm if it detects more serious impacts or disruptions. With the siren, if someone unauthorized opened the door, the siren will start wailing louder than 100 firstborns – at the same time. Think cutting off the car’s alarm wire will it off. This sensor and siren is sure to let would-be thieves know that your vehicle is equipped with an advanced alarm system. IV-Local Literature

When protecting your vehicle’s security, having a car alarm monitoring system is a great way to ensure that you’re protected for most emergencies. According to a recent study, a car is stolen every 24 seconds here in the United States. Many cars, especially older models, are not equipped with a security system sophisticated enough to defend against experienced car thieves. Installing a GPS locating system on your vehicle can allow you to track your car’s location after it is stolen, also giving you the ability to alert authorities to its location.

GPS Locators
There are many different GPS locating devices available to help track your car after it has been stolen. One of the more established companies that specialize in vehicle tracking systems is LoJack. LoJack has a 24 hour return guarantee on any vehicle that is equipped with their tracking system, since their transmitter is extremely hard for a thief to find. However, LoJack costs around $700, and may not be a cost-effective option for many vehicle owners. A standard GPS locating device for a vehicle consists of a small transmitter that can be placed or attached to the interior or exterior of a vehicle. If you are installing a GPS transmitter to the exterior of your vehicle, be sure it is resistant to extreme heat, cold and moisture. When placing a transmitting device inside your vehicle, try to choose a concealed area where it would be difficult for a thief to locate and remove it. With GPS locating devices, you may have to pay a monthly fee for using the tracking service. This is usually included in devices that feature a “travel history” which allows you to see where your car has traveled over an extended period of time. This feature can be useful for theft prevention, but may also be useful in monitoring teen drivers.

Chapter IV

I-Methodology
Our purpose of making this system is to have a car security system. This focuses on immobilizing a car through the use of GSM (Global System for Mobile Communication). Making this system is made possible by conducting several researchers from books and through the Internet. Our group also conducted survey for the employees of Municipal hall of Umingan.

II-Research Instruments
The study was effectively done through the use of helpful methods used by the group, such as survey questionnaire, letter and reliable researches.

Questionnaires
We asked questions to our respondents through the use of questionnaires.

Letter
Was given to the Mayor of Umingan and to the employee of Municipal Hall for us to conduct a survey. Internet
We surfed the internet to research some information about our system.

III-Data Gathering
We used survey questionnaires to gather actual reactions from the car owners.

IV-Statistical Analysis and Interpretation of Data
1. What are the security systems that you know? Check at most three.| Car Alarm| Immobilizer| Tracker| Others| 2. | 48| 9| 15| 0|

In this table, 48 respondents or 96% of them answered that they know a car alarm as a car security. Nine or 18% of our respondents are aware of an immobilizer. 15 or 30% of them know about a tracker.

Most of our respondents know about car alarm because it is typically used by most of the Filipinos. 3. What type of security system do you use? | Car alarm| Immobilizer| Tracker| Others| 4. | 28| 17| 5| 0|

In this table, 28 respondents or 56% of them answered that they use/want to use a car alarm. 17 or 34% of our respondents use/want to use an immobilizer. Five or 10% of them wants to use a tracker.

This table supports the first one, because the reasons why majority of our respondents know about the car alarm system. Most of them uses it on their vehicle. 5. What do you usually do when you heard a car alarm?| Report it to the authority| You confront whoever is near the vehicle| Ignore it| 6. | 18| 13| 23|

In this table, 18 or 36% of our respondents said that when they heard a car alarm, they report it to the authority. 13 or 26% of the said that they confront whoever is near the vehicle and 23 or 46% of them said that they just ignore it. This means that even if most of the car owners use a car alarm, still, it is not effective because most of the people will just ignore it. Why? Maybe it is because the car alarm is so common that they only thought that it might be a false alarm. 4. Are you aware of the GSM based Vehicle Immobilizing System?| Yes| No| Undecided| 1. | 26| 23| 1|

In this table, 26 or 52% of them knows about the GSM vehicle immobilizing system. 23 or 46% of them doesn’t know or is not aware of it and only 1 or 2% of our respondents know about it. It’s because this type of technology is not yet available or introduce on Philippine market, and is still undergoing development.

5. If ever the GSM based Vehicle Immobilizing System is already offered in the market, would you be willing to patronize it?| Yes| No| 2. | 38| 12|

In this table, 38 or 76% of them is willing to use the GSM based vehicle immobilizing system. Only 12 or 24% of them is not interested in this kind of car security system. Though our respondents are not aware of this GSM based Vehicle Immobilizing System, they are still willing to try it if ever it’s out in the market.

6. What network do you use? Check only one.| Smart/TNT/Red|
Globe/TM| Sun cellular| 3. | 28| 21| 1|

In this table, 28 or 36% of our respondents use Smart/TNT/red as a network provider. 21 or 42% of them use Globe/TM and only 1 or 2% of our respondents use Sun Cellular.
Majority of our respondents are smart user, next are globe subscribers and the rest are sun cellular user. The reason why we have to ask this question, is to know which network is mostly used by our respondents and how do they evaluate their network’s services. 7. Rate the services provider of your network provider. 5 being the highest and 1 being the lowest. 5-Very good3-Average1-Very Bad

4-Good2-Bad
SMART
Smart/ Talkntext/ Red| Registration on their services (e.g. unlitext,unlicall, etc.)| Consistency on signals| Receiving / Sending SMS| Receiving/ Making a call| 1-Very Bad| 0%| 4%| 4%| 10%|

2-Bad| 2%| 4%| 12%| 4%|
3-Average| 16%| 20%| 12%| 8%|
4-Good| 28%| 22%| 22%| 28%|
5-Very Good| 10%| 6%| 6%| 6%|

This table shows how the smart/TNT/Red subscribers rate their network’s service. Over all, from the first category up to the last, they majorly rated it as GOOD.

Globe/TM| Registration on their services (e.g. unlitext,unlicall, etc.)| Consistency on signals| Receiving / Sending SMS| Receiving/ Making a call| 1-Very Bad| 0%| 2%| 0%| 0%|
2-Bad| 0%| 2%| 4%| 2%|
3-Average| 8%| 8%| 6%| 6%|
4-Good| 30%| 24%| 28%| 26%|
5-Very Good| 6%| 8%| 6%| 10%|

This table shows on how the subscribers of Globe/TM rate their network’s service. Over all, from the first category up to the last, they majorly rated it as GOOD.

Sun Cellular| Registration on their services (e.g. unlitext,unlicall, etc.)| Consistency on signals| Receiving / Sending SMS| Receiving/ Making a call| 1-Very Bad| 0%| 0%| 0%| 0%|
2-Bad| 0%| 0%| 0%| 0%|
3-Average| 0%| 0%| 0%| 0%|
4-Good| 2%| 2%| 0%| 2%|
5-Very Good| 0%| 0%| 2%| 0%|

This table shows on how the subscribers of Sun cellular rate their network’s service. Over all, from the first category up to the last, they majorly rated it as GOOD…but it is not commonly used and only few of them uses this network. So there will be a comparison between the service of Smart and Globe. Though Smart has greater number of users, globe service is better. Why? If the percentage of evaluation is computed, you will have 25% (GOOD) for smart and 27% (GOOD) for globe. Smart (GOOD)Globe(GOOD)

28% + 22% + 22% + 28% = 25%30% + 24% + 28% + 26% = 27% 4 4

Computation Formula
Total Respondent = 50
No. of respondents answered = n
n/total respondents = Quotient
100*Quotient = Percentage (%)

Computation
50-Respondents
n = 47
Sample Computation
47/50 = 0.94
100*0.94 = 94%

V – Background of Existing System
The first car security is the car alarm is an electronic annoyance device installed in a vehicle in an attempt to discourage theft of the vehicle itself, its contents, or both. Car alarms work by emitting high-volume sound (usually a siren, klaxon, pre-recorded verbal warning, the vehicle’s own horn, or a combination thereof) when the conditions necessary for triggering are met, as well as by flashing some of the vehicle’s lights, and (optionally) notifying the car’s owner via a paging system and interrupting various electrical circuits necessary for the car to start. This kind of car security is quite ineffective because most of this car alarms are triggered accidentally due to its high sensitivity settings. Since these things happen frequently, people often ignore the alarm. [1] Because of the large number of false alarms with car alarms, many vehicle manufacturers no longer factory-fit simple noise-making alarms. Alternatively, an aftermarket “vehicle tracking system” can enable the police to trace stolen vehicles. A vehicle tracking system combines the installation of an electronic device in a vehicle, or fleet of vehicles, with purpose-designed computer software at least at one operational base to enable the owner or a third party to track the vehicle’s location, collecting data in the process from the field and deliver it to the base of operation.

1. ^Police Strategy No. 5: Reclaiming the Public Spaces of New York, New York City: New York Police Department, 1994

Modern vehicle tracking systems commonly use GPS or GLONASS technology for locating the vehicle. Another alternative, which more effective, is an immobilizer. Immobilizer is an electronic device fitted to an automobile which prevents the engine from running unless the correct key (or other token) is present. This prevents the car from being “hot wired” after entry has been achieved. Immobilizers have been mandatory in all new cars sold in Germany since January 1, 1998, in the United Kingdom since October 1, 1998, in Finland since 1998, in Australia since 2001 and in Canada since 2007. Early models used a static code in the ignition key (or key fob) which was recognized by an RFID loop around the lock barrel and checked against the vehicle’s Engine Control Unit (ECU) for a match.

If the code is unrecognized, the ECU will not allow fuel to flow and ignition to take place. Later models use rolling codes or advanced cryptography to defeat copying of the code from the key or ECU. The microcircuit inside the key is activated by a small electromagnetic field which induces current to flow inside the key body, which in turn broadcasts a unique binary code which is read by the automobile’s ECU. When the ECU determines that the coded key is both current and valid, the ECU activates the fuel-injection sequence. Add-on immobilizers are available for older cars or vehicles without factory immobilizers. The insurance approval for a self-arming immobilizer is known as “Thatcham 2” after the Motor Insurance Repair Research Centre in Thatcham, England. Approved immobilizers must intercept at least two circuits; typically the low-voltage ignition circuit and the fuel pump circuit.

Type| Brands| Price| Pros| Cons|
Audible car alarms| Viper, Hellfire, Cobra, Hornet| $200 to $1,000 including installation| Provides car owner with a sense of security. | Remarkably ineffective and destructive.| Brake pedal lock or steering wheel lock| UnBRAKEable Auto Lock, The Club| $30 to $60| Inexpensive visual deterrent. Works at least as well as audible alarms.| Pro thieves can saw through flimsy steering wheels, or, given time, the brake pedal.| Personal alarm pagers| Autopage, Crimestopper | $200 to $400 including installation| Directly alerts owner without waking up the neighborhood.| Some pagers have limited range. Must be within a few blocks of car.| Passive immobilizer| SecuriLockTM, SmartKey| Standard feature on many new cars.| Virtually impossible to steal vehicle w/out a key. Cuts theft rates in half.| Only dealer can replace ignition key- it has a computer chip in it.| GPS vehicle tracking| Lojack, OnStar| $695| Car (and often the thief) are found. Recovery rate of 95%.| Expensive, but competition is bringing prices down.

VI – Flow of the Existing System
Start
Alarm triggered
The sound will stop
The car will emit a high volume sound for one minute
End

VII – Background of the Proposed System
The use of GSM technology is not unknown to other countries abroad. In fact there are several peoples, who came from different part of the world who tried to build up their own GSM based immobilizer. In Rajarajeswari Engineering College which is located in India, the students of R.Dhanalakshmi joined the All India Engineering Project Innovation Contest last 2010, and their entry is entitled “GSM for vehicle theft identification and immobilization system”, during the Advanced Computer Control, 2009.ICACC ’09.International Conference. B.G. Nagaraja together with his co-mates, from the East West Inst. of Technol., Bangalore, presented a “Design & Development of a GSM Based Vehicle Theft Control System“The developed system makes use of an embedded system based on GSM technology.

In the Philippines, a quartet of Electronics and Communications Engineering students from Ateneo de Davao University also developed a GSM based security system. They presented it during the interschool electronics project exhibit held at the NCCC Mall Last march 2005. These show that the use of GSM as an effective vehicle security system is possible. Through the use of mobile communication, the locking and unlocking process is done. The above operation maybe done even if the car is moving, from any part of the Philippines, as long as it can be reach by signals from the network service provider. When the owner sends a message or makes a call, the vehicle will automatically stop from running or will be immobilized. The ring tone will trigger the whole process to bedone; and if he wants to mobilize it again, he will have to repeat sending a new message or making a call to trigger the device and put it back on its mobilized state.