Iron triagle and issue networks

1)Compare and contrast iron triangle and issue networks.

Iron triangle and issue networks are made up of agency officials, members of Congress and interest group of lobbyist. Most of the time, they includes lawyers, academics, consultants, courts and public relations specialists. However, issue networks are constantly changing as members and become involved in various issues. They reflect the problems and issues and trying to solve it.

2) Fully discuss the powers of the presidency. Be sure to give examples.

The framers want to have a strong central government and they don’t want give the president too much authority to run the country. In the Article II, it states, “The executive Powers shall be vested in a President of the United States of America.”

In Article II in the Constitution, the framers gave the president a few tasks that can be still use today In section 2 of Article II, it mentions the powers the President have such as: Commander in Chief of Army and Navy, to make Treaties, nominate and appoint ambassadors, Public Ministers, and Judge of the Supreme Court and all other officers. He has the power to Pardon for Offences, convene congress, and veto any propose bills from the Congress.

3)Discuss the lawmaking function of Congress, including how a bill becomes a law.

The bill has to be presenting in both legislation, the House and the Senate before it can be passed as law. First, the House and the Senate have to introduce the bill and have it referred to the House and Senate Committee to its subcommittee, which will do a research on the bill and decided whether to hold hearings on it. The subcommittee hearing allows the both sides to voice their opinion on the bill. After the hearing, the bill is revised and the subcommittee votes to approve or overcome the bill. If the subcommittee votes in the favor of the bill, it will have it reported to the full committee. If the bill is rejected, it will go back to the floor of the House or Senate with recommendation to revise the bill.

Second, the House and the Senate can have a debate about the bill, before it can be debated on the floor, it has to be approved by the Rules Committee to given rules, and schedule the date. When the floor debate is scheduled and the day arrives, and the bill is debated and the vote is made. If the bill survives, it will be presented to Senate. The Senate will have unlimited debate on a bill, vote on the bill and if it’s passed, it will go to the Conference Committee, where it will be presented two different version of the bill and both legislation will have to compromise on the bill. Once the bill is passed in both houses, it will be present to the President. He can veto or sign the bill. If the bill is signed, it becomes a law. If the bill is rejected, the bill goes back to the Congress and a two-thirds vote in each house is needed to override the presidential veto.

4)Discuss the powers of Congress and the differences between the House and Senate.

In the Article I, section 8, of the Constitution, it states that the Congresses have powers to: lay and collect taxes and duties, borrow money, establish rules for the process of becoming a citizen and bankruptcy, money’s values, punish the counterfeiting, establish a post office, issue patents and copyright, declare war, raise and support an army and navy and make rules for their governance, provide for a militia, and make law that’s necessary and proper to carry.

In the House, they have 435 members (depends on the population) served on two years terms while the Senate has 100 members (two from each states) served on six years terms. The House has impeachment procedures and passes articles of impeachment while the Senate doesn’t. Also, the House’s procedures are more efficient and cause the Senate becoming more difficult to pass legislation. The House is more formal, more impersonal and has stronger leadership while the Senate is less formal, more personal, and has weaker leadership. The House emphasizes tax and revenue policy while the Senate emphasizes foreign policy.