Abraham Licoln Outline

Abraham Lincoln was born on February 12, 1809 and died on April 15, 1865 II. State: Lincoln was born in the state of Kentucky, and ran for president in Illinois. III. Educational and Occupational background: Abrahams step mother, Sarah, encouraged Abraham to read. It was while growing into manhood that he received his formal education (an estimated total of 18 months) a few days or weeks at a time. Reading material was in short supply in the Indiana wilderness. Neighbors recalled how Abraham would walk for miles to borrow a book. Occupationally: he was a lawyer and a former representative and president of the United States of America. IV. Dates of the term or terms of office: In office from March 4, 1861 to April 15, 1865 V. Issues prominent in each election: The issue of the presidential election of 1860 was bound to be slavery. Battles over the spread of slavery to new territories and states had wrapped up the United States throughout the 1850s, and were especially intensified by the Kansas-Nebraska Act of 1854. VI. Opponent(s) by term: In the election of 1860 they were John C. Breckinridge, John Bell, and Stephan A. Douglas. VII. Vice President by term: in 1860 it was Andrew Johnson and in 1864 it was Hannibal Hamlin VIII. Political party: Republican

IX. Major domestic/political happenings: A. Abraham Lincoln (1861) – 1. Becomes president of the United States of America on March 4, 1861. B. Beginning of the American civil war (1861) – 2. The war had its origin in the fractious issue of slavery, and, after four years of bloody combat (mostly in the South). C. The first battle of Bull run (1861) – 3. The First Battle of Bull Run was a major wake up call to the North. Union Forces were routed by Beauregard’s forces. It was a hint that this would be a long and bloody war and would call for new leadership and better training to prepare the federal troops for sustained action on the battlefield. D. The Homestead act (1862) – 4.The Homestead Act is one of several United States federal laws that gave an applicant freehold title to up to 160 acres. E. Legal tender act (1862) – 5.The U.S. Congress passed the Legal Tender Act which authorized the use of paper notes to pay the government’s bills. This ended the long-standing policy of using only gold or silver in transactions and it also allowed the government to finance the extremely expensive Civil War long after its gold and silver reserves were used up.

F. Conscription of 1862 – 6. All able-bodied unmarried white men eighteen to thirty-five years of age, and later seventeen to 50 years of age, were eligible for a 3 year service under the draft, but the law’s effectiveness was weakened by its exemptions and provisions for substitution. G. Battle of Antietam (1862) – 7. This battle was the first major battle in the American Civil War to take place on Union soil. It was the bloodiest single-day battle in American history, with about 23,000 dead, wounded and missing on both sides combined. H. Battle of Gettysburg and Vicksburg (1863) – 8. North had lost a few more men, they were in control of the battlefield and still had 4 times as many men on the field than did the south. Lee was forced to abandon the field and his “Northern Campaign” and head back south out of Pennsylvania. Against the advice of some of his most trusted generals, he had taken the offensive at Gettysburg and had failed and had left his army in a position where it would never again be able to take the fight to the Union army.

At Vicksburg, the very next day, the Union’s western army commanded by U.S. Grant, defeated the southern forces which had been holding the city during a long siege. Vicksburg was the last southern stronghold on the Mississippi River and by taking this the North now controlled the traffic on the Mississippi I. Atlanta campaign (1864) – 9. It was a series of battles fought in the Western Theater of the American Civil War throughout north Georgia and the area around Atlanta during summer of 1864. In July, the Confederate president replaced Johnston with the more hostile John Hood, who began challenging the Union Army in a series of damaging frontal assaults. Hood’s army was eventually besieged in Atlanta and the city fell in September speeding up the end of the war. J. Battle of Wilderness (1864) – 10. The battle started the ball rolling for the entire wilderness campaign, Grant’s entire offensive. It was also the first stand between Grant and Lee. They then became known as the fathers of the wilderness campaign. K. End of the American civil war (1865) – 11. The Confederacy was defeated, slavery was abolished, and the difficult Reconstruction process of restoring unity and guaranteeing rights to the freed slaves began. X. Major Economic Issue(s):

A. Morrill tariff: The Morrill Tariff of 1861 was a high protective tariff in the United States, adopted in March of 1861, during the administration of James Buchanan, he was a Democrat. It was a key element of the new Republican Party, and it attracted mostly industrialists and factory workers because it was a rapid industrial growth by limiting competition from lower-wage industries in Europe. It had been opposed by cotton planters, but they had mostly left the United States Congress when it was finally passed B. National bank act (1863) – United States federal banking act that established a system of a national bank for banks, and created the U.S. National Banking System. They encouraged growth of a national currency and established the Office of the Comptroller of the Currency as part of the United States Department of the Treasury and authorized the Comptroller to examine and adjust nationally chartered banks. The Act impacted the national banking system as it stands today and its support of a uniform U.S. banking policy. In other words, the National Bank Act of 1863 established a national banking system and uniform national currency. XI. Major Supreme Court Cases: none

XII. Major Foreign Policy Decisions:
A. Trent Affair (1861) – 1. The Trent Affair was an international diplomatic incident that occurred during the American Civil War. The Trent Affair reflected the uneasy state of international relations created by the war. The Confederacy hoped that England or France, even both, would come to its aid. XIII. Major Conflict of this administration: none

XIV. Major social events, social happenings, or social movements: A. Emancipation proclamation (1863) – 1. The proclamation was issued by U.S. President Abraham Lincoln on September 22, 1862, and January 1, 1863. The declaration highlighted freedom of all slaves within any state that did not submit to Union control and specified the states where the proclamation was to be unconditionally applied. The Proclamation included clauses that addressed rebellion and its elimination. B. Enrollment act (1863) – 2. As the war lengthened, recruiting troops became a challenge. In 1863, Congress passed and President Lincoln signed into law the Enrollment Act of Conscription. The Act made all single men between the ages of 20 and 45 and married men between the ages of 20 and 35 subject to a draft, unless they could afford to pay for a substitute. Draftees were to be chosen through a lottery. C. New York draft riots (1863) – 3. They were violent disturbances in New York City that were the culmination of working-class discontent with new laws passed by Congress that year to draft men to fight in the ongoing American Civil War.

The riots were the largest civil insurrection in American history. D. Wade-Dave bill (1864) – 4. Radical Republicans and their moderate Republican allies passed the Wade-Davis Bill in 1864. Under the bill, states could be readmitted to the Union only after 50 percent of voters took an oath of allegiance to the Union. Lincoln pocket-vetoed the bill, however, effectively killing it by refusing to sign it before Congress went into recess. Congress did successfully create the Freedmen’s Bureau, which helped distribute food, supplies, and land to the new population of freed slaves. E. Sand creek massacre (1864) – 5. 150 Cheyenne and Arapaho Indians were killed, has finally been pinpointed after a century of disagreement over its location. Before dawn on November 29, 1864, more than 700 soldiers, mostly volunteers, attacked an Indian encampment on Sand Creek in southeastern Colorado, killing old men, women, children, while most of the men of the village were away hunting.

Leading the attack was Colonel John Chivington, a former Methodist preacher known as the Fighting Parson. F. Hamptons Road conference (1865) – 6. It was an unsuccessful attempt to negotiate an end to the American Civil War. The conference lasted for four hours, but no agreements were produced. President Lincoln dominated the proceedings. The three Confederates insisted on independence and Lincoln rejected it. G. Surrender at the Appomattox (1865) – 7. Robert Lee’s surrender at Appomattox Court House in Virginia, signaled the end of the Southern States attempt to create a separate nation. It set the stage for the emergence of an expanded and more powerful Federal government. H. Freedman’s Bureau (1865) – 8. President Abraham Lincoln signs a bill creating the Bureau of Refugees, Freedmen, and Abandoned Lands. Known as the Freedmen’s Bureau, this federal agency oversaw the difficult transition of African Americans from slavery to freedom. I. Assassination of Lincoln (1865) – 9. Booth opened the door to the State Box, shot Lincoln in the back of the head at near point-blank range. Booth jumped over 11 feet to the stage below and escaped. XV. Major inventions – none

XVI. Bibliography –

* www.biography.com › People
* en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abraham_Lincoln
* www.alincoln-library.com/facts-about-abraham-lincoln.shtml * www.whitehouse.gov/about/presidents/abrahamlincoln
* www.alplm.org/
XVII. Grade – A He was a great president because without him, the United States may not be where it is today with the black and white race. He thought slavery was wrong and he also sided with the north during the American civil war. Most importantly he made sure our nation didn’t fall apart because of the American civil war, instead it only got better. It’s a shame he got assassinated, who knows of what else that man was capable of achieving and accomplishing for his country.